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The country is like a ‘mini-continent’, large enough to generate its own diversity, with a very high level of endemism; over 70% of its plants do not grow anywhere else in the world. </p> <p>Although the country’s flora and fauna have not been extensively studied (the first book on mammals in Papua New Guinea was published in 1990!), they have nevertheless been the subject of important studies in the field of determining the number of species living on our planet. However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable. </p> <p>The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain. </p> <p>The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved: </p> <ul> <li>Improve understanding of biodiversity according to altitude in tropical rainforests. This knowledge could help to improve the current model used to calculate the number of species living on the planet; it will also enable the impact of climate change to be measured more effectively in these regions.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Encourage local communities to take part in the collection of data on their environment, and promote their involvement in conservation programmes. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Contribute to the training of Papuan Para-taxonomists and Para-ecologists, with the aim of combining modern biology with traditional knowledge of the field.</li> </ul>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '376', 'titre' => 'A vanishing paradise of biodiversity? ', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. With the help of Binatang Research Centre, which sponsors the village primary school, these communities are maintaining the integrity of their forest and are benefitting from biodiversity studies. These enhance the region and provide important data to guide conservation policies. In the Mount Wilhelm national park, other communities are taking part in similar, albeit smaller scale projects. Perhaps the outcome of these projects will be the bringing about of greater awareness concerning the conservation of Papua New Guinea’s forests, which is in itself very important for this country that is very involved with the Rainforest Coalition, a global partnership for the protection of rainforests, was set up in 2010.</p>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '377', 'titre' => 'The threat of climate change', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Logging is not the only threat to the forests of Papua New Guinea. Current models for measuring the impact of ongoing climate change suggest profound changes to ecosystems, in particular at higher altitudes. If temperatures rise in the region, it is highly likely that lowland species will gain ground on mountain species, which are better adapted to colder environments, leading to the destruction of tropical ecosystems. Previous studies have already documented this type of change, but only in temperate regions, or on the neighbouring island of Borneo. These changes would almost certainly have a different impact in Papua New Guinea, one of the rare places in the tropics where tropical rainforests and alpine ecosystems can be found side by side. </p> <p>Detailed data collected during the expedition will provide an inventory of the state of biodiversity (essentially of plants and invertebrates) at various different altitudes, from the lowlands up to 3,700 metres. This data will enable, for example, simulations to be carried out in order to estimate the impact of global warming of a few degrees over the next 100 years on the distribution of different species of plants and animals: which will see their distribution increased or decreased? Consequently, which conservation measures should be taken in order to prepare for these changes, and if possible minimise them? </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array() ) ) $rubrique_mere = array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '147', 'url' => 'presentation', 'titre' => 'Land based mission', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Mission_terrestre_147.png', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '150', 'niceurldestination' => 'presentation', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '133', 'lft' => '104', 'rght' => '111', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '133', 'url' => 'accueil', 'titre' => 'L'expédition', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => '', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '134', 'niceurldestination' => 'accueil', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'L_expedition_fre_133.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '212', 'lft' => '101', 'rght' => '124' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12540', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Mission terrestre' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12542', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Land based mission' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12541', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12549', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => null ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12550', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12551', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12543', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'presentation' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12544', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'presentation' ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12545', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'presentation' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12546', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '147', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'presentation' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $classebody = (int) 0 $typerubrique = 'normal' $leslangues = array( 'fr' => 'fra', 'en' => 'eng' )include - APP/View/Rubriques/voir.ctp, line 8 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473 Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 960 RubriquesController::voir() - APP/Controller/RubriquesController.php, line 333 ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ?? Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 490 Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193 Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167 [main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118
Notice (8): Undefined index: http: [APP/View/Elements/article/voir_unarticle.ctp, line 11]Code Context$videos=$article['Video'];
$leslangues=Configure::read('Config.languages');
$lalangue=$leslangues[$this->params['lang']];
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'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'L_expedition_fre_133.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '212', 'lft' => '101', 'rght' => '124' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ), 'classebody' => (int) 0, 'article' => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '375', 'titre' => 'Why Papua New Guinea?', 'surtitre' => 'Land Based Mission', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea is exceptional in more ways than one; it has the third largest area of intact rainforest, after those of the Amazon basin and the Congo, and it is estimated that the country is home to around 5% of the world’s biodiversity, despite the fact that it represents only 0.5% of the world’s landmass. The country is like a ‘mini-continent’, large enough to generate its own diversity, with a very high level of endemism; over 70% of its plants do not grow anywhere else in the world. </p> <p>Although the country’s flora and fauna have not been extensively studied (the first book on mammals in Papua New Guinea was published in 1990!), they have nevertheless been the subject of important studies in the field of determining the number of species living on our planet. However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable. </p> <p>The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain. </p> <p>The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved: </p> <ul> <li>Improve understanding of biodiversity according to altitude in tropical rainforests. This knowledge could help to improve the current model used to calculate the number of species living on the planet; it will also enable the impact of climate change to be measured more effectively in these regions.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Encourage local communities to take part in the collection of data on their environment, and promote their involvement in conservation programmes. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Contribute to the training of Papuan Para-taxonomists and Para-ecologists, with the aim of combining modern biology with traditional knowledge of the field.</li> </ul>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 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The country is like a ‘mini-continent’, large enough to generate its own diversity, with a very high level of endemism; over 70% of its plants do not grow anywhere else in the world. </p> <p>Although the country’s flora and fauna have not been extensively studied (the first book on mammals in Papua New Guinea was published in 1990!), they have nevertheless been the subject of important studies in the field of determining the number of species living on our planet. However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable. </p> <p>The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain. </p> <p>The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved: </p> <ul> <li>Improve understanding of biodiversity according to altitude in tropical rainforests. This knowledge could help to improve the current model used to calculate the number of species living on the planet; it will also enable the impact of climate change to be measured more effectively in these regions.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Encourage local communities to take part in the collection of data on their environment, and promote their involvement in conservation programmes. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Contribute to the training of Papuan Para-taxonomists and Para-ecologists, with the aim of combining modern biology with traditional knowledge of the field.</li> </ul>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '376', 'titre' => 'A vanishing paradise of biodiversity? ', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. With the help of Binatang Research Centre, which sponsors the village primary school, these communities are maintaining the integrity of their forest and are benefitting from biodiversity studies. These enhance the region and provide important data to guide conservation policies. In the Mount Wilhelm national park, other communities are taking part in similar, albeit smaller scale projects. Perhaps the outcome of these projects will be the bringing about of greater awareness concerning the conservation of Papua New Guinea’s forests, which is in itself very important for this country that is very involved with the Rainforest Coalition, a global partnership for the protection of rainforests, was set up in 2010.</p>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '377', 'titre' => 'The threat of climate change', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Logging is not the only threat to the forests of Papua New Guinea. Current models for measuring the impact of ongoing climate change suggest profound changes to ecosystems, in particular at higher altitudes. If temperatures rise in the region, it is highly likely that lowland species will gain ground on mountain species, which are better adapted to colder environments, leading to the destruction of tropical ecosystems. Previous studies have already documented this type of change, but only in temperate regions, or on the neighbouring island of Borneo. These changes would almost certainly have a different impact in Papua New Guinea, one of the rare places in the tropics where tropical rainforests and alpine ecosystems can be found side by side. </p> <p>Detailed data collected during the expedition will provide an inventory of the state of biodiversity (essentially of plants and invertebrates) at various different altitudes, from the lowlands up to 3,700 metres. This data will enable, for example, simulations to be carried out in order to estimate the impact of global warming of a few degrees over the next 100 years on the distribution of different species of plants and animals: which will see their distribution increased or decreased? 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=> '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea is exceptional in more ways than one; it has the third largest area of intact rainforest, after those of the Amazon basin and the Congo, and it is estimated that the country is home to around 5% of the world’s biodiversity, despite the fact that it represents only 0.5% of the world’s landmass. The country is like a ‘mini-continent’, large enough to generate its own diversity, with a very high level of endemism; over 70% of its plants do not grow anywhere else in the world. </p> <p>Although the country’s flora and fauna have not been extensively studied (the first book on mammals in Papua New Guinea was published in 1990!), they have nevertheless been the subject of important studies in the field of determining the number of species living on our planet. However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable. </p> <p>The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain. </p> <p>The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved: </p> <ul> <li>Improve understanding of biodiversity according to altitude in tropical rainforests. This knowledge could help to improve the current model used to calculate the number of species living on the planet; it will also enable the impact of climate change to be measured more effectively in these regions.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Encourage local communities to take part in the collection of data on their environment, and promote their involvement in conservation programmes. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Contribute to the training of Papuan Para-taxonomists and Para-ecologists, with the aim of combining modern biology with traditional knowledge of the field.</li> </ul>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '11984', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '375', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Pourquoi la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée ?' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '11988', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '375', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Why Papua New Guinea?' ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '11985', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '375', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => 'Mission terrestre' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '11989', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '375', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => 'Land Based Mission' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '11986', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '375', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '11990', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '375', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '11991', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '375', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p> </p> <p>La Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée est exceptionnelle à plus d'un titre : abritant le troisième plus grand bloc de forêts tropicales intactes après ceux des bassins de l'Amazone et du Congo, on estime qu'elle contient à elle seule environ 5 % de la biodiversité mondiale, alors qu'elle ne représente que 0.5 % des terres émergées. Considérée comme un véritable « mini-continent », suffisamment grande pour générer sa propre diversité, elle possède un taux d'endémisme très élevé : plus de 70 % de ses plantes ne poussent nulle part ailleurs.</p> <p>Peu étudiées (le premier livre sur les mammifères de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée date de 1990 !), sa faune et sa flore ont néanmoins fait l'objet d'études considérées comme des références dans le domaine de l'évaluation du nombre d'espèces vivant sur notre planète. Toutefois, ces travaux concernaient les forêts de basse altitude. Or rien ne dit que les situations des forêts de plaine et celle des forêts d'altitude soient totalement comparables.</p> <p>La province de Madang, où sera menée la composante terrestre de l'expédition, est l'un des rares endroits au monde où des forêts tropicales humides s'étendent de la côte jusqu'à leur limite naturelle en altitude. Cette situation constitue une aubaine pour les chercheurs : grâce à ce nouveau volet de La Planète Revisitée, ils vont pouvoir étudier pour la première fois en détails comment plantes et animaux se répartissent et interagissent en fonction de l'altitude sur une grande montagne tropicale. </p> <p>Les spécimens et les données ainsi collectées permettront d'atteindre plusieurs objectifs : </p> <ul> <li> Améliorer les connaissances sur la biodiversité des forêts tropicales humides en fonction de l'altitude. Ces connaissances pourront être utilisées pour améliorer le modèle utilisé actuellement pour calculer le nombre d'espèces vivant sur Terre. 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However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable. </p> <p>The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain. </p> <p>The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved: </p> <ul> <li>Improve understanding of biodiversity according to altitude in tropical rainforests. This knowledge could help to improve the current model used to calculate the number of species living on the planet; it will also enable the impact of climate change to be measured more effectively in these regions.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Encourage local communities to take part in the collection of data on their environment, and promote their involvement in conservation programmes. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Contribute to the training of Papuan Para-taxonomists and Para-ecologists, with the aim of combining modern biology with traditional knowledge of the field.</li> </ul>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ) $vignettes = array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '557', 'titre' => 'Au pied du Mont Wilhelm, à 3700m les lacs Aunde et Piunde', 'source_petitformat' => 'Au_pied_du_Mont_Wilhelm_a_3700m_les_lacs_Aunde_et_Piunde_557_vignette_eng.jpg', 'source_grandformat' => 'Au_pied_du_Mont_Wilhelm_a_3700m_les_lacs_Aunde_et_Piunde_557.jpg', 'ordre' => '0', 'legende' => '<p>Au pied du Mont Wilhelm, à 3700m les lacs Aunde et Piunde, servent de décors au site d'étude le plus élevé du profil altitudinal [© Xavier Desmier / MNHN / PNI / IRD].</p>', 'parametre' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ) ) $pdfs = array() $d_vignettes = array() $sons = array() $videos = array() $leslangues = array( 'fr' => 'fra', 'en' => 'eng' )include - APP/View/Elements/article/voir_unarticle.ctp, line 11 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1217 View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418 include - APP/View/Rubriques/voir.ctp, line 69 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473 Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 960 RubriquesController::voir() - APP/Controller/RubriquesController.php, line 333 ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ?? 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Papua New Guinea is exceptional in more ways than one; it has the third largest area of intact rainforest, after those of the Amazon basin and the Congo, and it is estimated that the country is home to around 5% of the world’s biodiversity, despite the fact that it represents only 0.5% of the world’s landmass. The country is like a ‘mini-continent’, large enough to generate its own diversity, with a very high level of endemism; over 70% of its plants do not grow anywhere else in the world.
Although the country’s flora and fauna have not been extensively studied (the first book on mammals in Papua New Guinea was published in 1990!), they have nevertheless been the subject of important studies in the field of determining the number of species living on our planet. However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable.
The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain.
The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved:
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', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. 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Perhaps the outcome of these projects will be the bringing about of greater awareness concerning the conservation of Papua New Guinea’s forests, which is in itself very important for this country that is very involved with the Rainforest Coalition, a global partnership for the protection of rainforests, was set up in 2010.</p>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( 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However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable. </p> <p>The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain. </p> <p>The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved: </p> <ul> <li>Improve understanding of biodiversity according to altitude in tropical rainforests. This knowledge could help to improve the current model used to calculate the number of species living on the planet; it will also enable the impact of climate change to be measured more effectively in these regions.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Encourage local communities to take part in the collection of data on their environment, and promote their involvement in conservation programmes. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Contribute to the training of Papuan Para-taxonomists and Para-ecologists, with the aim of combining modern biology with traditional knowledge of the field.</li> </ul>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '376', 'titre' => 'A vanishing paradise of biodiversity? ', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. With the help of Binatang Research Centre, which sponsors the village primary school, these communities are maintaining the integrity of their forest and are benefitting from biodiversity studies. These enhance the region and provide important data to guide conservation policies. In the Mount Wilhelm national park, other communities are taking part in similar, albeit smaller scale projects. Perhaps the outcome of these projects will be the bringing about of greater awareness concerning the conservation of Papua New Guinea’s forests, which is in itself very important for this country that is very involved with the Rainforest Coalition, a global partnership for the protection of rainforests, was set up in 2010.</p>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '377', 'titre' => 'The threat of climate change', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Logging is not the only threat to the forests of Papua New Guinea. Current models for measuring the impact of ongoing climate change suggest profound changes to ecosystems, in particular at higher altitudes. If temperatures rise in the region, it is highly likely that lowland species will gain ground on mountain species, which are better adapted to colder environments, leading to the destruction of tropical ecosystems. Previous studies have already documented this type of change, but only in temperate regions, or on the neighbouring island of Borneo. These changes would almost certainly have a different impact in Papua New Guinea, one of the rare places in the tropics where tropical rainforests and alpine ecosystems can be found side by side. </p> <p>Detailed data collected during the expedition will provide an inventory of the state of biodiversity (essentially of plants and invertebrates) at various different altitudes, from the lowlands up to 3,700 metres. This data will enable, for example, simulations to be carried out in order to estimate the impact of global warming of a few degrees over the next 100 years on the distribution of different species of plants and animals: which will see their distribution increased or decreased? 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', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. With the help of Binatang Research Centre, which sponsors the village primary school, these communities are maintaining the integrity of their forest and are benefitting from biodiversity studies. These enhance the region and provide important data to guide conservation policies. In the Mount Wilhelm national park, other communities are taking part in similar, albeit smaller scale projects. Perhaps the outcome of these projects will be the bringing about of greater awareness concerning the conservation of Papua New Guinea’s forests, which is in itself very important for this country that is very involved with the Rainforest Coalition, a global partnership for the protection of rainforests, was set up in 2010.</p>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12007', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Un paradis de biodiversité bientôt perdu ?' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12011', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'A vanishing paradise of biodiversity? ' ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12008', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12012', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12009', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12013', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12014', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p> </p> <p>La biodiversité si particulière de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée est fortement menacée par les activités humaines, et en particulier par la déforestation galopante qui ronge les forêts du pays. Une étude récente menée par des chercheurs de l'Université de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée a montré que celle-ci s’accélère depuis le début des années 90. Les principales causes sont l'exploitation du bois par l'industrie forestière, et la conversion de surfaces boisées pour l'agriculture. Dans une moindre mesure, les feux de forêts, l'installation de plantations et les mines causent également des dommages. Entre 1972 et 2002, ce sont ainsi 15 % des forêts de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée qui ont disparu, dont plus de la moitié à cause de l'industrie forestière. Exploitées par des compagnies étrangères, le bois de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée est exporté partout dans le monde. À ce rythme, on estime que la quasi-totalité des forêts accessibles auront vu leur surface dramatiquement réduite, ou auront purement et simplement disparu, d'ici 10 à 20 ans. </p> <p>Comme de nombreux pays en développement, la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée doit relever un défi de taille : s'inscrire dans une économie mondialisée sans laisser celle-ci détruire son riche patrimoine naturel. Heureusement, contrairement à d'autres pays, la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée possède un atout majeur pour défendre ses intérêts : sa Constitution, qui reconnaît et protège le droit des communautés locales à posséder la terre. Ainsi, 97 % des terres sont la propriété d'individus ou de communautés villageoises, qui décident de leur utilisation. Souvent, les villageois acceptent de céder des droits à la prospection et à l’extraction minière en échange d'indemnités. Mais pas toujours. Dans la région de Wanang, huit clans ont ainsi refusé les propositions d'exploitation forestière faites par le gouvernement, et ont déclaré « zone de conservation » 10 000 hectares de leur forêt. Aidée par le Binatang Research Center, qui sponsorise notamment l'école primaire du village, ces communautés maintiennent l'intégrité de leur forêt et bénéficient des études sur la biodiversité. Celles-ci permettent de valoriser la région, et fournissent des données importantes pour orienter les politiques de conservation. Dans le parc naturel du Mont Wilhelm, d'autres communautés participeront à des projets similaires, quoique d'ampleur moindre. De leur réussite naîtra peut-être une prise de conscience salutaire pour la préservation des forêts de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée. Un passage obligé pour ce pays très engagé dans la <em>Rainforest Coalition</em>, un partenariat mondial pour la protection des forêts tropicales mis en place en 2010.</p>' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12015', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. With the help of Binatang Research Centre, which sponsors the village primary school, these communities are maintaining the integrity of their forest and are benefitting from biodiversity studies. These enhance the region and provide important data to guide conservation policies. In the Mount Wilhelm national park, other communities are taking part in similar, albeit smaller scale projects. Perhaps the outcome of these projects will be the bringing about of greater awareness concerning the conservation of Papua New Guinea’s forests, which is in itself very important for this country that is very involved with the Rainforest Coalition, a global partnership for the protection of rainforests, was set up in 2010.</p>' ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '12010', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'libelle_zip', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '12767', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '376', 'field' => 'libelle_zip', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '1', 'codelang' => 'fre' ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '558', 'titre' => 'Forêt de brouillard à 2 200 m', 'source_petitformat' => 'Foret_de_brouillard_a_2_200_m_558_vignette.jpg', 'source_grandformat' => 'Foret_de_brouillard_a_2_200_m_558.jpg', 'ordre' => '0', 'legende' => '<p>Forêt de brouillard à 2 200 m. 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Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. With the help of Binatang Research Centre, which sponsors the village primary school, these communities are maintaining the integrity of their forest and are benefitting from biodiversity studies. These enhance the region and provide important data to guide conservation policies. In the Mount Wilhelm national park, other communities are taking part in similar, albeit smaller scale projects. 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Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years.
In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land.
Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. With the help of Binatang Research Centre, which sponsors the village primary school, these communities are maintaining the integrity of their forest and are benefitting from biodiversity studies. These enhance the region and provide important data to guide conservation policies. In the Mount Wilhelm national park, other communities are taking part in similar, albeit smaller scale projects. Perhaps the outcome of these projects will be the bringing about of greater awareness concerning the conservation of Papua New Guinea’s forests, which is in itself very important for this country that is very involved with the Rainforest Coalition, a global partnership for the protection of rainforests, was set up in 2010.
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area of intact rainforest, after those of the Amazon basin and the Congo, and it is estimated that the country is home to around 5% of the world’s biodiversity, despite the fact that it represents only 0.5% of the world’s landmass. The country is like a ‘mini-continent’, large enough to generate its own diversity, with a very high level of endemism; over 70% of its plants do not grow anywhere else in the world. </p> <p>Although the country’s flora and fauna have not been extensively studied (the first book on mammals in Papua New Guinea was published in 1990!), they have nevertheless been the subject of important studies in the field of determining the number of species living on our planet. However, these studies looked at lowland forests, and not at mountain forests, which are not necessarily comparable. </p> <p>The land-based part of the expedition will be looking at Madang province, one of the few places in the world where the tropical rainforest extends from the coast inland up to its natural altitudinal limit, which provides excellent conditions for researchers: thanks to this new phase of The Planet Reviewed, researchers will be able to study how plants and animals spread and interact according to altitude on a large tropical mountain. </p> <p>The specimens and data collected will enable several objectives to be achieved: </p> <ul> <li>Improve understanding of biodiversity according to altitude in tropical rainforests. This knowledge could help to improve the current model used to calculate the number of species living on the planet; it will also enable the impact of climate change to be measured more effectively in these regions.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Encourage local communities to take part in the collection of data on their environment, and promote their involvement in conservation programmes. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <ul> <li>Contribute to the training of Papuan Para-taxonomists and Para-ecologists, with the aim of combining modern biology with traditional knowledge of the field.</li> </ul>', 'date' => '2010-09-18', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '376', 'titre' => 'A vanishing paradise of biodiversity? ', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Papua New Guinea’s unique biodiversity is seriously threatened by human activity, in particular by the rampant deforestation which is eroding the country’s forests. A recent study led by researchers at the University of Papua New Guinea showed that the rate of deforestation has been accelerating since the early 1990s. The main reasons for this are logging, and the conversion of forest to agricultural land. To a lesser extent, forest fires, plantations and mining are also causing damage. Between 1972 and 2002, 15% of Papua New Guinea’s forests disappeared, more than half of this was due to logging. Foreign logging companies export wood from Papua New Guinea all over the world. At the present rate of deforestation, it is estimated that almost all accessible forests will have shrunk dramatically, or will simply have disappeared within ten to twenty years. </p> <p>In common with many other developing countries, Papua New Guinea is facing the challenge of integrating into the global economy without destroying its rich natural heritage. Fortunately, unlike other countries, Papua New Guinea has the advantage that its Constitution recognises and protects the rights of local communities to own land. Thanks to this, 97% of land is owned by individuals or village-based communities, who make decisions about how to use the land. </p> <p>Often, village communities agree to assign prospecting and mining rights in exchange for financial compensation, however this is not always the case. In the Wanang region, eight clans turned down government offers to use their land for logging, instead declaring their 10,000 hectares of forest a “conservation area”. 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'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Logging is not the only threat to the forests of Papua New Guinea. 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Les modèles actuels permettant de mesurer l'impact du changement climatique en cours laissent entrevoir de profondes modifications des écosystèmes, notamment en altitude. En cas de réchauffement de la région, il est très probable que les espèces des basses terres gagnent du terrain sur celles d'altitude, plus adaptées à des environnements froids, menant à la disparition de ces écosystèmes tropicaux. Des travaux antérieurs ont déjà documenté ce type de changements, mais ils concernaient des environnements situés dans des régions tempérées ou sur l'île voisine de Bornéo. 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Logging is not the only threat to the forests of Papua New Guinea. Current models for measuring the impact of ongoing climate change suggest profound changes to ecosystems, in particular at higher altitudes. If temperatures rise in the region, it is highly likely that lowland species will gain ground on mountain species, which are better adapted to colder environments, leading to the destruction of tropical ecosystems. Previous studies have already documented this type of change, but only in temperate regions, or on the neighbouring island of Borneo. These changes would almost certainly have a different impact in Papua New Guinea, one of the rare places in the tropics where tropical rainforests and alpine ecosystems can be found side by side.
Detailed data collected during the expedition will provide an inventory of the state of biodiversity (essentially of plants and invertebrates) at various different altitudes, from the lowlands up to 3,700 metres. This data will enable, for example, simulations to be carried out in order to estimate the impact of global warming of a few degrees over the next 100 years on the distribution of different species of plants and animals: which will see their distribution increased or decreased? Consequently, which conservation measures should be taken in order to prepare for these changes, and if possible minimise them?