Notice (8): Undefined index: http: [APP/View/Rubriques/voir.ctp, line 8]Code Context
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'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '0', 'parent_id' => '27', 'lft' => '304', 'rght' => '305', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'Histoire du Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => 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) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4262', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'le_pays_et_les_hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4263', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'the_country_and_the_people' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $contenus_traduits = array( (int) 0 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '77', 'titre' => 'The country', 'surtitre' => 'Story of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '78', 'titre' => 'The people', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. They first populated the north side of the Zambezi River, then the centre and south of the country when the third wave settled in South Africa.<br /><br />The Bantus are of the same cultural stock and speak very similar languages. They make up an agro-pastoral society whose basic unit is the lineage, a group of families from a common ancestor, usually paternal. Each lineage is ruled by a chief who has total power: political, military, judicial and over property. He distributes lands, controls practical and moral life and ensures the observance of rites of birth, initiation, marriage and death. He directs the prayers for the rainy season and the harvest, addressed to the spirits of the ancestors. Lineages may be organised into clans, ruled by a chief sometimes given the title of king. Each lineage pays a duty and supplies soldiers. Many clans make up a people endowed with a territory, a language and customs of their own. Today, Mozambique is still made up of a dozen or so peoples such as the Makonde, the Makhuwa, the Yao to the north, the Tonga in the centre and the Tsonga and Shona in the south.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '79', 'titre' => 'zoom mozambique 1', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => 'sanstitre=true', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array() ) ) $rubrique_mere = array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'History of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '2', 'url' => 'accueil', 'titre' => 'Mozambique 2009', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Mozambique_2.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '78', 'niceurldestination' => 'accueil', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'Mozambique_fre_2.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => 'css=mozambique', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '165', 'lft' => '290', 'rght' => '325' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3284', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Histoire du Mozambique' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3286', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'History of Mozambique' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3285', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3291', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => null ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3292', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3293', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3287', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'introduction' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3288', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'introduction' ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3289', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'introduction' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3290', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'introduction' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $classebody = (int) 0 $typerubrique = 'normal' $leslangues = array( 'fr' => 'fra', 'en' => 'eng' )include - APP/View/Rubriques/voir.ctp, line 8 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473 Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 960 RubriquesController::voir() - APP/Controller/RubriquesController.php, line 333 ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ?? Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 490 Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193 Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167 [main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118
Notice (8): Undefined index: http: [APP/View/Elements/article/voir_unarticle.ctp, line 11]Code Context$videos=$article['Video'];
$leslangues=Configure::read('Config.languages');
$lalangue=$leslangues[$this->params['lang']];
$viewFile = '/var/www/vhosts/expedition.mnhn.fr/laplaneterevisitee.org/app/View/Elements/article/voir_unarticle.ctp' $dataForView = array( 'arborescence' => array( (int) 163 => array( 'id' => '163', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 1', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), (int) 164 => array( 'id' => '164', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 2', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), (int) 165 => array( 'id' => '165', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 3', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), (int) 166 => array( 'id' => '166', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 4', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array([maximum depth reached]) ) ), 'path_ids' => array( (int) 0 => '165', (int) 1 => '2', (int) 2 => '27', (int) 3 => '51' ), 'piedpage' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), 'rubrique' => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '51', 'url' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'titre' => 'The country and the people', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Le_pays_et_les_hommes_51.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '51', 'niceurldestination' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '0', 'parent_id' => '27', 'lft' => '304', 'rght' => '305', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'Histoire du Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 2 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ), 'contenus_traduits' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'Article' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'User' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Titres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Surtitres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Soustitres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Textes' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Libellezips' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Commentaire' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Droitevignette' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Langue' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Lien' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Pdf' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Son' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Video' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Vignette' => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'User' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Titres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Surtitres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Soustitres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Textes' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Libellezips' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Commentaire' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Droitevignette' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Langue' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Lien' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Pdf' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Son' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Video' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Vignette' => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'User' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Titres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Surtitres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Soustitres' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Textes' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Libellezips' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Commentaire' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Droitevignette' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Langue' => array( [maximum depth reached] ), 'Lien' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Pdf' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Son' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Video' => array([maximum depth reached]), 'Vignette' => array([maximum depth reached]) ) ), 'rubrique_mere' => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'History of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '2', 'url' => 'accueil', 'titre' => 'Mozambique 2009', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Mozambique_2.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '78', 'niceurldestination' => 'accueil', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'Mozambique_fre_2.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => 'css=mozambique', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '165', 'lft' => '290', 'rght' => '325' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ), 'classebody' => (int) 0, 'article' => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '77', 'titre' => 'The country', 'surtitre' => 'Story of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ) ) $arborescence = array( (int) 163 => array( 'id' => '163', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 1', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 67 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 111 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 6 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 164 => array( 'id' => '164', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 2', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 7 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 8 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 65 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 165 => array( 'id' => '165', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 3', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 217 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 212 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 3 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 2 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 157 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 166 => array( 'id' => '166', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 4', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array() ) ) $path_ids = array( (int) 0 => '165', (int) 1 => '2', (int) 2 => '27', (int) 3 => '51' ) $piedpage = array( (int) 0 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '9', 'lft' => '1', 'urldestination' => '9', 'locale' => 'eng', 'titre' => 'Contact', 'niceurldestination' => 'contact' ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'lft' => '3', 'urldestination' => '10', 'locale' => 'eng', 'titre' => 'Credits', 'niceurldestination' => 'credits' ) ) ) $rubrique = array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '51', 'url' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'titre' => 'The country and the people', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Le_pays_et_les_hommes_51.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '51', 'niceurldestination' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '0', 'parent_id' => '27', 'lft' => '304', 'rght' => '305', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'Histoire du Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '70', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '77', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '10' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '71', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '78', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '20' ), (int) 2 => array( 'id' => '73', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '79', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '30' ) ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4257', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Le pays et les hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4259', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'The country and the people' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4258', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4264', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => null ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4265', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4266', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4260', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'le_pays_et_les_hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4261', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'the_country_and_the_people' ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4262', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'le_pays_et_les_hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4263', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'the_country_and_the_people' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $contenus_traduits = array( (int) 0 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '77', 'titre' => 'The country', 'surtitre' => 'Story of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '78', 'titre' => 'The people', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. They first populated the north side of the Zambezi River, then the centre and south of the country when the third wave settled in South Africa.<br /><br />The Bantus are of the same cultural stock and speak very similar languages. They make up an agro-pastoral society whose basic unit is the lineage, a group of families from a common ancestor, usually paternal. Each lineage is ruled by a chief who has total power: political, military, judicial and over property. He distributes lands, controls practical and moral life and ensures the observance of rites of birth, initiation, marriage and death. He directs the prayers for the rainy season and the harvest, addressed to the spirits of the ancestors. Lineages may be organised into clans, ruled by a chief sometimes given the title of king. Each lineage pays a duty and supplies soldiers. Many clans make up a people endowed with a territory, a language and customs of their own. Today, Mozambique is still made up of a dozen or so peoples such as the Makonde, the Makhuwa, the Yao to the north, the Tonga in the centre and the Tsonga and Shona in the south.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '79', 'titre' => 'zoom mozambique 1', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => 'sanstitre=true', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array() ) ) $rubrique_mere = array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'History of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '2', 'url' => 'accueil', 'titre' => 'Mozambique 2009', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Mozambique_2.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '78', 'niceurldestination' => 'accueil', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'Mozambique_fre_2.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => 'css=mozambique', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '165', 'lft' => '290', 'rght' => '325' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3284', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Histoire du Mozambique' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3286', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'History of Mozambique' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3285', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3291', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => null ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3292', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3293', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3287', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'introduction' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3288', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'introduction' ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3289', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'introduction' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3290', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'introduction' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $classebody = (int) 0 $article = array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '77', 'titre' => 'The country', 'surtitre' => 'Story of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4248', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Le pays' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4252', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'The country' ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4249', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => 'Histoire du Mozambique' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4253', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => 'Story of Mozambique' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4250', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4254', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4255', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p> </p> <p>Le Mozambique est un grand pays d’Afrique australe, (800 000 km<sup>2</sup>) qui constitue avec Madagascar une des façades du canal de Mozambique. Il est limité au nord par la Tanzanie, à l’ouest par le Zimbabwe, le Malawi et la Zambie, au sud par l’Afrique du sud et le Swaziland. C’est un pays plat composé de plaines littorales qui forment un paysage de dunes et de lagunes. Elles s’élèvent vers l’intérieur en plateaux au nord et montagnes au centre qui correspondent à l’extrémité méridionale du rift, dominées par le Mont Binga (2436 m.), point culminant du pays. Le Zambèze et le Limpopo, deux des plus grands fleuves du sud de l’Afrique, traversent le pays.</p> <p>Le Mozambique bénéficie d’un climat tropical, la saison sèche alterne avec la saison humide. L’été, de novembre à mars, correspond à la saison humide ; les pluies sont plus fréquentes au nord proche de l’équateur et sur les hauteurs périphériques. Le littoral est le domaine de la mangrove constituée de cocotiers et de palétuviers. Au nord-ouest, la forêt de type équatoriale s’impose, le centre est couvert de forêt claire, le sud correspond au domaine de la savane.</p>' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4256', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>' ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4251', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'libelle_zip', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4267', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '77', 'field' => 'libelle_zip', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '1', 'codelang' => 'fre' ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '67', 'titre' => 'Mozambique coastal forest', 'source_petitformat' => 'Foret_cotiere_du_Mozambique_vignette_67.jpg', 'source_grandformat' => '', 'ordre' => '0', 'legende' => '<p>[© Olivier Pascal l PNI]</p>', 'parametre' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ) ) ) $item = array( 'id' => '77', 'titre' => 'The country', 'surtitre' => 'Story of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ) $vignettes = array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '67', 'titre' => 'Mozambique coastal forest', 'source_petitformat' => 'Foret_cotiere_du_Mozambique_vignette_67.jpg', 'source_grandformat' => '', 'ordre' => '0', 'legende' => '<p>[© Olivier Pascal l PNI]</p>', 'parametre' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ) ) $pdfs = array() $d_vignettes = array() $sons = array() $videos = array() $leslangues = array( 'fr' => 'fra', 'en' => 'eng' )include - APP/View/Elements/article/voir_unarticle.ctp, line 11 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1217 View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418 include - APP/View/Rubriques/voir.ctp, line 69 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473 Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 960 RubriquesController::voir() - APP/Controller/RubriquesController.php, line 333 ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ?? Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 490 Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193 Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167 [main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118
Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.
Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.
Notice (8): Undefined index: http: [APP/View/Elements/article/voir_unarticle.ctp, line 11]Code Context$videos=$article['Video'];
$leslangues=Configure::read('Config.languages');
$lalangue=$leslangues[$this->params['lang']];
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'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '2', 'url' => 'accueil', 'titre' => 'Mozambique 2009', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Mozambique_2.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '78', 'niceurldestination' => 'accueil', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'Mozambique_fre_2.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => 'css=mozambique', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '165', 'lft' => '290', 'rght' => '325' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ), 'classebody' => (int) 0, 'article' => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '78', 'titre' => 'The people', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. They first populated the north side of the Zambezi River, then the centre and south of the country when the third wave settled in South Africa.<br /><br />The Bantus are of the same cultural stock and speak very similar languages. They make up an agro-pastoral society whose basic unit is the lineage, a group of families from a common ancestor, usually paternal. Each lineage is ruled by a chief who has total power: political, military, judicial and over property. He distributes lands, controls practical and moral life and ensures the observance of rites of birth, initiation, marriage and death. He directs the prayers for the rainy season and the harvest, addressed to the spirits of the ancestors. Lineages may be organised into clans, ruled by a chief sometimes given the title of king. Each lineage pays a duty and supplies soldiers. Many clans make up a people endowed with a territory, a language and customs of their own. Today, Mozambique is still made up of a dozen or so peoples such as the Makonde, the Makhuwa, the Yao to the north, the Tonga in the centre and the Tsonga and Shona in the south.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ) ) $arborescence = array( (int) 163 => array( 'id' => '163', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 1', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 67 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 111 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 6 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 164 => array( 'id' => '164', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 2', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 7 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 8 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 65 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 165 => array( 'id' => '165', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 3', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 217 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 212 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 3 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 2 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 157 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 166 => array( 'id' => '166', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 4', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array() ) ) $path_ids = array( (int) 0 => '165', (int) 1 => '2', (int) 2 => '27', (int) 3 => '51' ) $piedpage = array( (int) 0 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '9', 'lft' => '1', 'urldestination' => '9', 'locale' => 'eng', 'titre' => 'Contact', 'niceurldestination' => 'contact' ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'lft' => '3', 'urldestination' => '10', 'locale' => 'eng', 'titre' => 'Credits', 'niceurldestination' => 'credits' ) ) ) $rubrique = array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '51', 'url' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'titre' => 'The country and the people', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Le_pays_et_les_hommes_51.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '51', 'niceurldestination' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '0', 'parent_id' => '27', 'lft' => '304', 'rght' => '305', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'Histoire du Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '70', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '77', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '10' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '71', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '78', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '20' ), (int) 2 => array( 'id' => '73', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '79', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '30' ) ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4257', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Le pays et les hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4259', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'The country and the people' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4258', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4264', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => null ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4265', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4266', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4260', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'le_pays_et_les_hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4261', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'the_country_and_the_people' ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4262', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'le_pays_et_les_hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4263', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'the_country_and_the_people' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $contenus_traduits = array( (int) 0 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '77', 'titre' => 'The country', 'surtitre' => 'Story of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '78', 'titre' => 'The people', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. They first populated the north side of the Zambezi River, then the centre and south of the country when the third wave settled in South Africa.<br /><br />The Bantus are of the same cultural stock and speak very similar languages. They make up an agro-pastoral society whose basic unit is the lineage, a group of families from a common ancestor, usually paternal. Each lineage is ruled by a chief who has total power: political, military, judicial and over property. He distributes lands, controls practical and moral life and ensures the observance of rites of birth, initiation, marriage and death. He directs the prayers for the rainy season and the harvest, addressed to the spirits of the ancestors. Lineages may be organised into clans, ruled by a chief sometimes given the title of king. Each lineage pays a duty and supplies soldiers. Many clans make up a people endowed with a territory, a language and customs of their own. Today, Mozambique is still made up of a dozen or so peoples such as the Makonde, the Makhuwa, the Yao to the north, the Tonga in the centre and the Tsonga and Shona in the south.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '79', 'titre' => 'zoom mozambique 1', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => 'sanstitre=true', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] 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'<p> </p> <p>The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. They first populated the north side of the Zambezi River, then the centre and south of the country when the third wave settled in South Africa.<br /><br />The Bantus are of the same cultural stock and speak very similar languages. They make up an agro-pastoral society whose basic unit is the lineage, a group of families from a common ancestor, usually paternal. 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Today, Mozambique is still made up of a dozen or so peoples such as the Makonde, the Makhuwa, the Yao to the north, the Tonga in the centre and the Tsonga and Shona in the south.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4276', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Les hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4280', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'The people' ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4277', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4281', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4278', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4282', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4283', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p> </p> <p>L’histoire du peuplement du Mozambique est mal connue dans sa période préhistorique. Les premiers habitants de la région sont sans doute des groupes bochimans et hottentots, armés d’arcs et de sagaies. Ils vont être chassés du territoire par les Bantous qui après l’assèchement du Sahara, entreprennent une migration de longue durée, (de l’ère chrétienne au XIX<sup>e</sup> siècle) et de grande ampleur au sud de l’équateur. L’usage du fer est le moteur de cette migration, il permet de cultiver, ce qui procure aux groupes bantous un avantage sur les populations de chasseurs-cueilleurs. Ils arrivent au Mozambique en trois vagues successives. Ils peuplent d’abord le nord du fleuve Zambèze, puis le centre et le sud du pays alors que la troisième vague s’installe en Afrique du sud.</p> <p>Les peuples bantous partagent un fonds culturel commun et parlent des langues très proches. Ils forment une société agropastorale dont l’unité de base est le lignage, groupe de familles issues d’un ancêtre commun, généralement un ancêtre paternel. Chaque lignage est dirigé par un chef qui possède tous les pouvoirs : politique, militaire, judiciaire, foncier. Il distribue les terres, contrôle la vie matérielle et morale, veille à l’observance des rites de naissance, d’initiation, de mariage et de mort. Il dirige les prières de la saison des pluies, des récoltes, qui s’adressent aux esprits des ancêtres. Les lignages peuvent être fédérés en clans, dirigés par un chef auquel est donné parfois le titre de roi. Chaque lignage paie un impôt et fournit des soldats. Plusieurs clans forment un peuple doté d’un territoire, d’une langue, de coutumes. Aujourd’hui encore, le Mozambique est constitué d’une douzaine de peuples comme les Makondé, les Makhuwa, les Yao au nord, les Tonga au centre et les Tsonga et les Shonas au sud.</p>' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4284', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '78', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p> </p> <p>The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. 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The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. They first populated the north side of the Zambezi River, then the centre and south of the country when the third wave settled in South Africa.
The Bantus are of the same cultural stock and speak very similar languages. They make up an agro-pastoral society whose basic unit is the lineage, a group of families from a common ancestor, usually paternal. Each lineage is ruled by a chief who has total power: political, military, judicial and over property. He distributes lands, controls practical and moral life and ensures the observance of rites of birth, initiation, marriage and death. He directs the prayers for the rainy season and the harvest, addressed to the spirits of the ancestors. Lineages may be organised into clans, ruled by a chief sometimes given the title of king. Each lineage pays a duty and supplies soldiers. Many clans make up a people endowed with a territory, a language and customs of their own. Today, Mozambique is still made up of a dozen or so peoples such as the Makonde, the Makhuwa, the Yao to the north, the Tonga in the centre and the Tsonga and Shona in the south.
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'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'Mozambique_fre_2.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => 'css=mozambique', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '165', 'lft' => '290', 'rght' => '325' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ), 'classebody' => (int) 0, 'article' => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '79', 'titre' => 'zoom mozambique 1', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => 'sanstitre=true', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array() ) ) $arborescence = array( (int) 163 => array( 'id' => '163', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 1', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 67 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 111 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 6 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 164 => array( 'id' => '164', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 2', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 7 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 8 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 65 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 165 => array( 'id' => '165', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 3', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array( (int) 217 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 212 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 3 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 2 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 157 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 166 => array( 'id' => '166', 'titre' => 'GROUPE 4', 'est_groupe' => true, 'children' => array() ) ) $path_ids = array( (int) 0 => '165', (int) 1 => '2', (int) 2 => '27', (int) 3 => '51' ) $piedpage = array( (int) 0 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '9', 'lft' => '1', 'urldestination' => '9', 'locale' => 'eng', 'titre' => 'Contact', 'niceurldestination' => 'contact' ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'lft' => '3', 'urldestination' => '10', 'locale' => 'eng', 'titre' => 'Credits', 'niceurldestination' => 'credits' ) ) ) $rubrique = array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '51', 'url' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'titre' => 'The country and the people', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Le_pays_et_les_hommes_51.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '51', 'niceurldestination' => 'the_country_and_the_people', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '0', 'parent_id' => '27', 'lft' => '304', 'rght' => '305', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'Histoire du Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '70', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '77', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '10' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '71', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '78', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '20' ), (int) 2 => array( 'id' => '73', 'rubrique_id' => '51', 'contenu_id' => '79', 'contenu_type' => 'articles', 'position' => '30' ) ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4257', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Le pays et les hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4259', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'The country and the people' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4258', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4264', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => null ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4265', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4266', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4260', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'le_pays_et_les_hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4261', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'the_country_and_the_people' ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4262', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'le_pays_et_les_hommes' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4263', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '51', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'the_country_and_the_people' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $contenus_traduits = array( (int) 0 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '77', 'titre' => 'The country', 'surtitre' => 'Story of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>Mozambique is a large southern African country, (800,000 km2) which forms one of the sides of the Mozambique Channel with Madagascar. It is bounded to the north by Tanzania, to the west by Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia and to the south by South Africa and Swaziland. It is a flat country of coastal plains making up a landscape of dunes and lagoons. Towards the interior, these rise into plateaus in the north and mountains in the centre corresponding with the southern end of the rift and dominated by Mount Binga (2436 m.), the highest point of the country. The Zambezi and the Limpopo, two of the largest rivers in the south of Africa, cross the country.<br /><br />Mozambique benefits from a tropical climate, the dry and rainy seasons alternating with each other. Summer, from November to March, is the rainy season; the rains are more frequent in the north near the equator and over the outlying heights. On the coast is the mangrove area made up of coconut palms and mangroves. To the northwest, equatorial forest takes over, the centre is covered in light forest and the south is savannah.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 1 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '78', 'titre' => 'The people', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p> </p> <p>The story of the population of Mozambique in prehistory is not very well known. The first inhabitants of the region were undoubtedly the Bushmen and Hottentots, armed with arrows and bows and spears. They were to be chased from the territory by the Bantus who, after the desertification of the Sahara, undertook a large-scale and long migration (from the Christian age to the nineteenth century) south of the equator. Use of iron was the driver for this migration, enabling agricultural cultivation, something that gave the Bantu groups an advantage over the hunter-gatherer populations. They arrived in Mozambique in three successive waves. They first populated the north side of the Zambezi River, then the centre and south of the country when the third wave settled in South Africa.<br /><br />The Bantus are of the same cultural stock and speak very similar languages. They make up an agro-pastoral society whose basic unit is the lineage, a group of families from a common ancestor, usually paternal. Each lineage is ruled by a chief who has total power: political, military, judicial and over property. He distributes lands, controls practical and moral life and ensures the observance of rites of birth, initiation, marriage and death. He directs the prayers for the rainy season and the harvest, addressed to the spirits of the ancestors. Lineages may be organised into clans, ruled by a chief sometimes given the title of king. Each lineage pays a duty and supplies soldiers. Many clans make up a people endowed with a territory, a language and customs of their own. Today, Mozambique is still made up of a dozen or so peoples such as the Makonde, the Makhuwa, the Yao to the north, the Tonga in the centre and the Tsonga and Shona in the south.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ) ), (int) 2 => array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '79', 'titre' => 'zoom mozambique 1', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => 'sanstitre=true', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ), (int) 1 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( [maximum depth reached] ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array() ) ) $rubrique_mere = array( 'Rubrique' => array( 'id' => '27', 'url' => 'introduction', 'titre' => 'History of Mozambique', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Histoire_du_Mozambique_27.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '31', 'niceurldestination' => 'introduction', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => '', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => '', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '2', 'lft' => '301', 'rght' => '316', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'Formulaire' => array( 'id' => null, 'titre' => null, 'libelle' => null, 'texte' => null, 'email' => null, 'view_element' => null, 'controller' => null, 'message_confirmation_email' => null, 'message_confirmation' => null, 'sujet_mail' => null, 'message2_confirmation_email' => null, 'message2_confirmation' => null, 'sujet2_mail' => null ), 'ParentRubrique' => array( 'id' => '2', 'url' => 'accueil', 'titre' => 'Mozambique 2009', 'soustitre' => '', 'image' => 'Mozambique_2.jpg', 'type_id' => '10', 'comportement_id' => '0', 'positions' => 'principal', 'groupement' => 'groupe 3', 'urldestination' => '78', 'niceurldestination' => 'accueil', 'redirectionexterne' => '', 'url_pageexterne' => 'http://', 'presentation' => '', 'arborescence' => '', 'enligne' => true, 'imgmenu_off' => 'Mozambique_fre_2.png', 'imgmenu_on' => '', 'imgmenu_actif' => '', 'parametre' => 'css=mozambique', 'formulaire_id' => '1', 'parent_id' => '165', 'lft' => '290', 'rght' => '325' ), 'Typerubrique' => array( 'id' => '10', 'titre' => 'normal', 'commentaire' => '', 'ordre' => '10' ), 'Site' => array(), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3284', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'Histoire du Mozambique' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3286', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'History of Mozambique' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3285', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3291', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => null ) ), 'Presentations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3292', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3293', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'presentation', 'content' => null ) ), 'Urls' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3287', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'introduction' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3288', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'url', 'content' => 'introduction' ) ), 'Niceurldestinations' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '3289', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'introduction' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '3290', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Rubrique', 'foreign_key' => '27', 'field' => 'niceurldestination', 'content' => 'introduction' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Lien' => array(), 'User' => array() ) $classebody = (int) 0 $article = array( 'Article' => array( 'id' => '79', 'titre' => 'zoom mozambique 1', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => 'sanstitre=true', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ), 'User' => array( 'password' => '*****', 'id' => '19', 'group_id' => '1', 'nom' => 'webmaster', 'prenom' => 'editorial', 'username' => 'webmaster', 'bloque' => false ), 'Titres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4290', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'zoom mozambique 1' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4294', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'titre', 'content' => 'zoom mozambique 1' ) ), 'Surtitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4291', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4295', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'surtitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Soustitres' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4292', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4296', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'soustitre', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Textes' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4297', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p>Cette organisation sociale n’a pas empêché au cours des siècles (XIV<sup>e</sup>-XVII<sup>e</sup> siècles) la constitution de royaumes ou d’empires, mais tous se sont défaits lors de querelles dynastiques plus ou moins confuses, compliquées ou encouragées par les intrusions étrangères et européennes au moment où le Mozambique est traversé par la route commerciale qui relie le royaume du Zimbabwe à l’océan indien. <br />Dès le 10ème siècle, la côte orientale de l’Africaine, arabisée et islamisée, est jalonnée d’une série de comptoirs. Ces ports où l’on parle le swahili attirent une population mélangée à majorité africaine. Le commerce est très actif : on vient s’y fournir en or, esclaves, tortues, en cire d’abeille, ambre et en coquillages. A la fin du 15ème siècle, les navigateurs portugais qui cherchent la route de l’Inde découvrent cette côte.</p>' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4298', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'texte', 'content' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>' ) ), 'Libellezips' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '4293', 'locale' => 'fra', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'libelle_zip', 'content' => '' ), (int) 1 => array( 'id' => '4313', 'locale' => 'eng', 'model' => 'Article', 'foreign_key' => '79', 'field' => 'libelle_zip', 'content' => '' ) ), 'Commentaire' => array(), 'Droitevignette' => array(), 'Langue' => array( (int) 0 => array( 'id' => '1', 'codelang' => 'fre' ) ), 'Lien' => array(), 'Pdf' => array(), 'Son' => array(), 'Video' => array(), 'Vignette' => array() ) $item = array( 'id' => '79', 'titre' => 'zoom mozambique 1', 'surtitre' => '', 'soustitre' => '', 'chapeau' => '', 'vignette' => '', 'legende' => '', 'texte' => '<p>This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.<br />From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.</p>', 'date' => '2009-09-30', 'enhome' => false, 'enligne' => true, 'affecte' => true, 'libelle_lien' => '', 'imagelien' => '', 'typelien' => '', 'lien' => '', 'parametre' => 'sanstitre=true', 'user_id' => '19', 'archive' => '', 'libelle_zip' => '', 'locale' => 'eng' ) $vignettes = array() $pdfs = array() $d_vignettes = array() $sons = array() $videos = array() $leslangues = array( 'fr' => 'fra', 'en' => 'eng' )include - APP/View/Elements/article/voir_unarticle.ctp, line 11 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1217 View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418 include - APP/View/Rubriques/voir.ctp, line 69 View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 961 View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 923 View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 473 Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 960 RubriquesController::voir() - APP/Controller/RubriquesController.php, line 333 ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ?? Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 490 Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 193 Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 167 [main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 118
This organisation of society has not prevented kingdoms or empires being formed throughout the centuries (14th to 17th centuries), but every single one has been defeated during dynastic quarrels more or less confused, complicated or encouraged by foreign and European interference at the time when the commercial route was put across Mozambique linking the kingdom of Zimbabwe to the Indian ocean.
From the 10th century, the African’s eastern coast, Arabised and Islamised, was punctuated by a series of trading posts. These Swahili-speaking ports attracted a mixed mostly African population. Trade was very active: people came to get gold, slaves, turtles, beeswax, amber and seashells. At the close of the 15th century, Portuguese navigators looking for the route to the Indies discovered this coast.